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6 min read
What is insulin, how to deliver it, and where to store it?
David Janitzek
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Diets Premium Expert • 24.09.2026
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Scientifically reviewed by a clinical dietitian:
This article has been peer-reviewed for adherence to IŻŻ, WHO, and PTGiP clinical nutritional standards.
| Diets Premium Expert David Janitzek | min read 6 min | Scientifically reviewed by a clinical dietitian 24.09.2026 |
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Key Takeaways
Maintaining an appropriate insulin level is essential for the proper functioning of our body. In cases of disorders related to this key hormone in carbohydrate metabolism, we refer to type I or type II diabetes. A too low blood glucose level can lead to loss of consciousness or drowsiness, as it is the only source of energy for our brain. It is valuable to familiarize oneself with this transport factor and understand its functioning.
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Insulin? What is it?
Insulin, like every hormone in our body, is a protein made up of two polypeptide chains: A and B. It gets its name from the place where it's made from the liver. Insula island, comes from the Langerhans Peninsula of the pancreas through B cells (β). It's thought to be the body's transport of substances absorbed by the digestive system to the cells: muscle (myocytes), fat (adipocytes) and liver (hepatocytes). It was discovered in 1922 and its blood from the blood of discoverer Frederick Banting was awarded a prize a year later.
Insulin is used
This hormone is given to patients when, for various reasons, their body does not produce enough of it on its own, particularly in the case of type 1 diabetes. Sometimes it happens that people with type 2 diabetes also take insulin This is recommended by doctors if oral medicines are no longer effective or when medication cannot be administered. Sometimes chronic complications of the disease determine this. Women with diabetes convert medicines to insulin during pregnancy and during its planning. This change is also required in people with diabetes who suffer from sudden pneumonia, heart attack, stroke.
Insulin is of all kinds
There are many different types of insulin available, which vary from one type to another: time of action, speed of onset, peak of action. This allows the person taking insulin to have greater flexibility with regard to time and number of injections. It allows for better regulation of the correct blood sugar level, which can lead to dangerous complications such as unconsciousness or even drowsiness. Understanding how different insulin types work, this allows for the appropriate replacement of meals, meals and periods of full activity.
How to administer insulin?
Insulin belongs to protein hormones, so it cannot be given orally because it would be digested in the light of the digestive tract by enzymes found in the stomach, the small intestine and other parts of the small bowel. Insulin can be given by injection, feather or pump depending on your personal preference. An important aspect is the place of injection according to the type of insulin the patient receives and the rate of absorption.
Insulin How to store it?
Keep the unopened insulin in the refrigerator, at a temperature of 2 to 8°C. After opening, the insulin can be stored for a month. The unopening vials may be ready for use until the expiry of the shelf life period. Make sure that the insulin does not freeze or overheat (not exceeding 30°C). Keep the insulin pen or a single injection: when you open the insulin, you can also keep it when you need it, e. g. in the bloodstream.
mgr David Janitzek
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