Parkinson's disease: manifestations, causative factors, assessment and intervention
Tomasz Jankowski
2026-03-13
7 min. read
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Parkinson's disease is a chronic progressive disorder affecting the nervous system primarily in the area known as the black substance and the extrapyramidal system. The black substance and the extrapyramidal system are responsible for the development and control of automatic, unconscious movements such as maintaining balance and proper body posture and they influence fluidity and the course of conscious movements. The main disadvantage of the degeneration of neurons in this region is a deficiency in the neurotransmitter dopamine, resulting in a disruption of signal transmission between brain cells.
Parkinson's is a symptom
The symptoms are primarily related to the motor system. The patient walks and moves slowly (bradykinesia), rubbing his legs, leaning forward (propulsion), his posture is unstable, the risk of falling is high, the muscles of the limbs and cartilage are stiff, freely trembling, facial mimicry becomes poor (masked face), speech is blurred, and writing gradually decreases until it becomes unreadable (micrography).
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