Prevention and Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency – Updated Guidelines
Tim Klein
2026-03-24
6 min. read
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Vitamin D is often seen as an essential component of supplementation, particularly in the autumn-winter period when its natural synthesis in the skin is significantly restricted. However, it is important that the provided amount of vitamin D along with dietary supplements is tailored to individual needs.
Vitamin D’s physiological roles in human health: mechanisms of action and systemic benefits
Vitamin D plays a pivotal role in preserving the structural integrity of the skeletal system, encompassing bones, teeth, and articular cartilage, primarily by enhancing the intestinal absorption of two critical minerals—calcium and phosphorus—which serve as the foundational components of bone mineral density. Beyond its skeletal functions, it regulates serum calcium homeostasis, which not only ensures mechanical resilience of the skeleton but also governs neuronal signal transmission and the contractility of both skeletal and smooth muscle tissues. Furthermore, adequate vitamin D levels act as a key modulator of immune function, bolstering defenses against bacterial and viral pathogens—hence the widespread recommendations for supplementation during periods of heightened susceptibility to respiratory infections. Emerging evidence also implicates vitamin D in the regulation of cellular proliferation, suggesting potential roles in cancer prevention and other disorders characterized by dysregulated cell division.
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