Osteoporosis is a disorder that causes a loss of bone tissue, leading to an increased risk of fractures. This disorder affects around 22.1% of females and 6.6% of males over 50 years of age. Due to the lack of symptoms for an extended period, it is referred to as a silent bone thief, resulting in difficulties in its detection. When the bones are already weakened, fractures can occur, which are often caused by minor injuries. Therefore, taking appropriate preventive measures is essential to prevent the onset of osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis: an in-depth examination of its nature, susceptibility factors, and diagnostic approaches in skeletal health
Osteoporosis represents a chronic metabolic disorder of the skeletal system characterized by the progressive deterioration of bone microarchitecture, thereby elevating susceptibility to pathological fractures. Current epidemiological evidence indicates that approximately one-third of postmenopausal women are affected by this condition, a prevalence directly linked to hypoestrogenism—the diminished circulating levels of estrogen hormones critical for calcium-phosphate homeostasis. The preclinical phase of the disease, termed osteopenia, is marked by a quantifiable yet often asymptomatic reduction in bone mineral density, typically ranging from 1% to 2.5% below the reference thresholds established for age-matched healthy individuals.
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