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Sensor-specific satiety - what it is and how it works

Wojciech Wiśniewski
Wojciech Wiśniewski
Wojciech Wiśniewski Author
2026-03-23 Date
6 min. read article.read_time
7 Chapters
People require food for survival. A significant role is played here by the hunger and fullness center located in the hypothalamus. It seems like everything is a simple puzzle - we feel hunger, so we reach for food and eat until we feel filled up. But that's not always the case. How does it happen that even after the most abundant meal, there's still room for dessert?

Szczególna satysfakcja sensoryczna

Głód jest fizjologiczną koniecznością organizmu, powodowaną przez brak dostępnej energii i składników odżywczych. Apetyt jest życzeniem spożycia pokarmu, które nie wynika z uczucia głodu. Sytość jest stanem nasycenia i towarzyszy mu uczucie pełności w żołądku, trwające do ponownego wystąpienia głodu. Żądza jedzenia powinna być największa w fizjologicznym stanie głodu i stopniowo maleć w trakcie spożywania posiłku. Dlaczego jednak często jest odwrotnie i apetyt rośnie w miarę jedzenia? Wszystkiemu winna jest specyficzne zaspokojenie zmysłowe. Specyficzne zaspokojenie zmysłowe (SZZ) to jeden z mechanizmów, który reguluje spożycie pokarmów. Związana jest ze spadkiem odczuwanej przyjemności w trakcie jedzenia danego posiłku, przy czym żądza posiłku o innych właściwościach zmysłowych wzrasta. Dzieje się tak za sprawą osłabienia reakcji neuronów w mózgu, które są odpowiedzialne za odbiór bodźców zmysłowych. W związku z tym w miarę jedzenia smak i zapach posiłku stają się mniej atrakcyjne. Jednocześnie odbiór odmiennych bodźców zmysłowych pozostaje bez zmian. Dlatego też po obfitym i wytrawnym obiedzie mamy ochotę na żywność o innych właściwościach zmysłowych, np. słodki deser. Co ciekawe, nie udało się zaobserwować takiego stanu nasycenia, aby ktoś odmówił dodatkowej porcji pokarmu o innych właściwościach zmysłowych (M. M. Hetherington 1996).

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Wojciech Wiśniewski

Wojciech Wiśniewski

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