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Sugarcane sugar - past, types and properties of sugarcane sugar

Nutrition
Tomasz Jankowski Author
2026-03-19 Date
4 min. read article.read_time
4 Chapters
The current global sugar production stands at 10 million tonnes. It is a known fact that this product is harmful to our health, which is why a reduction in consumption is advised. Consequently, many people opt for replacing white sugar with cane sugar (brown sugar). However, is this truly a healthier substitute?

Geschichte der Herstellung von Zuckerrohrzucker

Zuckerrohr wurde erstmals von den Bewohnern Polynesiens verwendet. Von Polynesien aus breitete es sich nach Indien und dann nach Persien aus. Die Expansion der Araber im 7. Jahrhundert trug zur weiteren Verbreitung dieser Pflanze bei. Mit der Zeit breitete sich der Anbau von Zuckerrohr auf die Gebiete Afrikas und Spaniens aus. Als vor 3000 Jahren in Indien bereits reiner Zuckerrohrzucker hergestellt wurde, wurde in Europa immer noch Honig verkauft. In Europa kam Zucker erst in der Kreuzzugszeit (11. Jahrhundert) an. Die ersten Erwähnungen dieses Produkts tauchten in England im Jahr 1099 auf. Im 14. Jahrhundert wurde Zucker in London für 2 Schillinge pro Pfund verkauft, was ihn zu einem Luxusgut machte (dieser Preis entsprach dem monatlichen Gehalt eines Arbeiters). Aus diesem Grund war Zucker nur auf den Tischen der Reichen zu finden. Das Besitzen einer Skulptur oder eines Zuckerornaments zeugte von hohem sozialem Status. In jenen Tagen wurde Zucker aufgrund seines hohen Preises als wundersames Heilmittel zur Stärkung angesehen, z.B. für behinderte Menschen. Der größte Anstieg der Zuckerproduktion fand jedoch nach der Entdeckung Amerikas statt. Kolumb brachte aus seinen Reisen Zuckerrohr mit, um den Anbau auf den Gebieten der Karibik zu beginnen. Dort herrschte ein hervorragendes Klima für das Wachstum dieser Pflanze, weshalb der Anbau von Zuckerrohr schnell auf industrielle Größe anwuchs. Für die Arbeit war eine große Anzahl von Arbeitern erforderlich, hauptsächlich Sklaven, die aus Afrika und Indien importiert wurden. Bis zum Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts war Zucker immer noch ein Luxusgut. Erst nach der Aufhebung der Steuer wurde er für den Durchschnittsbürger zugänglich.

Zuckerarten

Zwei Arten von Zucker sind in Polen sehr beliebt: weißer Zucker (kristallin, Rübenzucker) und brauner Zucker (Rohrzucker). Beide Produkte, sowohl weißer als auch brauner Zucker, bestehen hauptsächlich aus Saccharose, die mindestens 99,7% des Produkts ausmacht. Tatsächlich ist der Hauptunterschied zwischen diesen beiden Zuckersorten die Herkunft und der Herstellungsprozess.

Produktion von Rohrzucker

Der erste Schritt besteht darin, das Rohmaterial zu reinigen. Anschließend ist es erforderlich, das Rohmaterial zu zerkleinern. Saccharose wird durch Verwendung von heißem Wasser extrahiert. Der resultierende Saft wird durch Anwendung von Kalkmilch gereinigt. Das Ziel ist es, den pH-Wert zu verändern, was die Entfernung von Verunreinigungen (durch Filtration) erleichtert. Wasser wird verdampft, bis der Kristallisationsprozess beginnt. Nach dem Zentrifugieren bleibt das fertige Produkt zurück. Im Falle von braunem Zucker wird der Reinigungsprozess ausgelassen, was zur Folge hat, dass Melasse im Produkt verbleibt und ihm seine charakteristische Farbe verleiht. Aus diesem Grund verbleiben Spuren von Mineralien wie Eisen, Kalzium, Magnesium oder Kalium. Die geringe Menge dieser Elemente kann jedoch keine signifikante Quelle für sie in der menschlichen Ernährung darstellen.

Gegenüberstellung von Zuckerrohrzucker und Weißzucker

Es ist darauf hinzuweisen, dass zwischen diesen Produkten keine bedeutenden Unterschiede bestehen. Der einzige Vorteil der Verwendung von Zuckerrohrzucker ist der Geschmack, der sich von dem von Weißzucker unterscheidet, und die geringen Mengen an Mineralstoffen, darunter Eisen, Magnesium, Kalium und Calcium. Es handelt sich jedoch um geringfügige Mengen, die im Kontext der Deckung des täglichen Bedarfs des menschlichen Körpers keine Bedeutung haben. Einige Menschen bevorzugen den Geschmack von Zuckerrohrzucker und verwenden daher dieses Produkt zum Süßen von Getränken und Backen. In Polen ist es als Lebensmittel nicht populär, wird jedoch in der asiatischen, indischen und mexikanischen Küche verwendet. Der Preis von Zuckerrohrzucker ist höher als der von Weißzucker. Es ist jedoch wichtig, sich daran zu erinnern, dass es häufig zu Fälschungen von Zuckerrohrzucker durch die Zugabe von Karamell kommt, um die Farbe von Zuckerrübenzucker zu erhalten. Zuckerrohrzucker wird oft als gesundes und diätetisches Produkt dargestellt, unterscheidet sich aber bezüglich des Nährwerts nicht wesentlich von Weißzucker.
Tomasz Jankowski

Tomasz Jankowski

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