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Folic acid (vitamin B9): health significance, deficiency symptoms, and natural versus supplemental sources of acquisition
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Folic acid (vitamin B9): health significance, deficiency symptoms, and natural versus supplemental sources of acquisition

Nutritional Science Metabolic Health And Gender Natural Sources Of Vitamin C Vitamin D3 Supplementation Vitamin D Supplementation Metabolic Processes Metabolic Health Folate Deficiency Vitamin C Sources Prenatal Health Vitamin E Sources
Oliwia Kaczmarek Author
2026-09-24 Date
4 min. read article.read_time
5 Chapters
While folic acid is most commonly linked to the prenatal period and its critical role in preventing neural tube defects in developing infants, its physiological functions extend far beyond this context. Which metabolic processes rely on adequate folate levels in the body? What symptoms may indicate its deficiency? And why should systematic supplementation of this vitamin be an integral component of health maintenance for all individuals, regardless of gender or age?

Kwas foliowy

Kwas foliowy, znany również jako witamina B9, jest organicznym związkiem chemicznym należącym do grupy folianów, stanowiącym też ich aktywną formę.. Nazwa foliany pochodzi od łacińskiej nazwy folium, oznaczającej liść i są syntezowane w naszym organizmie przez bakterie jelitowe.. Do określenia dziennego spożycia folianów w diecie stosuje się równoważnik folianów (1 µg równoważnika = 1 µg folianów z żywności = 0, 5 µg kwasu foliowego z suplementów).. Według norm, zalecane spożycie folianów w grupie dorosłych kobiet i mężczyzn wynosi 400 μg równoważnika folianów na osobę w ciągu dnia.. Wartość ta wzrasta w czasie ciąży do 600 μg, jest też wyższa w okresie laktacji (500 μg).

Kwas foliowy – rola w organizmie

Kwas foliowy odgrywa zasadnicza rolę w metabolizmie białek i DNA, czyli nośnika informacji genetycznej, znajdującego się w każdej komórce.. W życiu płodowym zapobiega wystąpieniu rozszczepu kręgosłupa, wady która może wystąpić w czasie pierwszych miesięcy ciąży.. Zaznacza się ogromne znaczenie odpowiedniej podaży tej witaminy w wieku rozrodczym.. Odpowiednia dawka kwasu foliowego wpływa pozytywnie na nasz nastrój i układ nerwowy.. Warunkuje prawidłowy wzrost i rozwój komórek naszego organizmu, dlatego ważne jest uwzględnienie tego związku w diecie rosnącego dziecka.. Obszar oddziaływania kwasu foliowego jest rozległy, dlatego też tak ważne jest włączenie do diety produktów stanowiących bogate źródło tej witaminy lub też uwzględnienie suplementacji.

Nadmiar kwasu foliowego

Nadmierna podaż kwasu foliowego nie stanowi zagrożenia u osób zdrowych, gdzie nawet bardzo wysokie dawki witaminy są dobrze tolerowane.. Mogą one jednak maskować niedobory witaminy B12, dlatego też duża podaż tej witaminy nie jest zalecana w niedokrwistości.

Objawy niedoboru kwasu foliowego

Do niedoboru kwasu foliowego w naszym organizmie może dojść na skutek zbyt małej podaży tego związku wraz pożywieniem.. Innymi czynnikami mogą być zaburzenia wchłaniania lub też zwiększone zapotrzebowanie, np.. Kobiety w ciąży, niemowlęta, dziewczęta w okresie dojrzewania czy też osoby w podeszłym wieku.. Alkoholizm, palenie papierosów, stosowanie diet z deficytem kalorycznym oraz stany chorobowe takie jak choroba trzewna, choroba Crohna, psyloza także mogą prowadzić do niedoborów kwasu foliowego.. Pierwsze objawy niedoboru nie są charakterystyczne i mogą objawiać się jako uczucie ciągłego przemęczenia, kłopoty z koncentracją, bezsenność, problemy z pamięcią, roztargnienie, poczucie niepokoju i lęku, czy nawet depresja.. U dzieci niedobór, może objawiać się zahamowaniem wzrostu.. Kwas foliowy odgrywa kluczową rolę w okresie rozwoju płodowego, dlatego tak bardzo ważna jest suplementacja tej witaminy w ilości 0, 4 mg zwłaszcza w wieku rozrodczym, co skutecznie może zapobiegać występowaniu wrodzonych wad cewy nerwowej (NTD- Neural Tube Defect).. Długotrwały niedobór kwasu foliowego w ostateczności prowadzi do niedokrwistości megaloblastycznej, a także zwiększa ryzyko wystąpienia zmian nowotworowych.

Źródła kwasu foliowego

Naturalnymi folianami występującymi w żywności są sole kwasu foliowego.. Bogatym źródłem tych związków są przede wszystkim ciemnozielone warzywa liściaste takie jak szpinak, brukselka, brokuły, zielony groszek czy kalafior, ale też otręby pszenne i kiełki zbóż.. Źródeł możemy też szukać w produktach pochodzenia zwierzęcego, takich jak wątroba czy jajka.. Należy zaznaczyć też, że foliany zawarte w żywności, są bardzo wrażliwe na działanie wysokich temperatur, dlatego też dla zachowania dużej ilości tych związków należy unikać długiego gotowania czy smażenia.. Niekorzystnie działają też promienie słoneczne i kwaśne środowisko.. Co ciekawe, świeże warzywa liściaste, które będziemy przechowywać w temperaturze pokojowej, w ciągu 3 dni mogą utracić aż 70% początkowej ilości zawartych w nich foliantów.. Jak widać działanie kwasu foliowego jest różnorodne, a co ważniejsze niezbędne do prawidłowego funkcjonowania naszego organizmu.. Produkty stanowiące bogate źródło tej witaminy są ogólnodostępne i smaczne, a także bogate w inne składniki odżywcze co znacząco ułatwia zapewnienie naszemu ciału wszystkiego co jest niezbędne do jego prawidłowego działania.
Oliwia Kaczmarek

Oliwia Kaczmarek

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