Übermäßiges Körpergewicht und Fettleibigkeit sind ernsthafte soziale Probleme, deren Umfang ständig zunimmt. Die Ursachen dieser Zivilisationskrankheit sind sehr ernst und schwer zu behandeln. Die Statistiken sind alarmierend, insbesondere in entwickelten Ländern. Wir werden versuchen, auf diese Fragen im Artikel Wie sollte die Behandlung von Fettleibigkeit aussehen? und Gibt es einen Weg, diese „Epidemie“ zu stoppen? zu antworten.
Obesity – comprehensive description and classification
Obesity constitutes a chronic disease characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the body. It can manifest as a primary disorder (simple obesity) or as a complication of other diseases (secondary obesity). The classification of obesity is based on the BMI scale (body mass index), which divides it into several levels: level I – 30 to 34.9 kg/m2, level II – 35 to 39.9 kg/m2, level III – 40 to 49.9 kg/m2, extremely massive obesity – 50 to 59.9 kg/m2, and super extremely massive obesity – 60 kg/m2 and above. There is also another classification that takes into account the distribution of adipose tissue. Based on this, the following types of obesity can be distinguished: gynoid (hip and thigh) obesity, which is more common in women and is characterized by fat deposition in the hip, thigh, and buttock area, and android (abdominal) obesity, which is characterized by fat deposition in the abdominal area and upper body parts such as arms and neck. The latter is the most dangerous type of obesity, as fat accumulates around vital organs such as the liver, heart, pancreas, and diaphragm.
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