What Diet Should a Woman with Endometriosis Follow?

Endometriosis represents a chronic gynecological condition characterized by the presence and proliferation of endometrial tissue—normally lining the uterine cavity—outside its physiological location, thereby inducing a chronic inflammatory state within various anatomical structures. Despite extensive research, the etiology of this disorder remains incompletely understood; however, immune system dysfunctions, endocrine imbalances, anatomical abnormalities within the pelvic region, and genetic predispositions are recognized as key predisposing factors. Ectopic endometrial foci most commonly localize within the lesser pelvis, including the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterine ligaments, peritoneum, urinary bladder, and intestinal segments. The disease is marked by a gradual, often protracted course, with early stages potentially remaining asymptomatic. Over time, however, a diverse array of clinical symptoms emerges, including: – **cyclic or chronic pelvic pain**, – **dyspareunia** (pain during sexual intercourse), – **dysuria** (pain upon urination) and **proctalgia** (pain during defecation), – **menorrhagia** (heavy, painful menstrual bleeding) accompanied by irregular bleeding patterns, – **intermenstrual spotting**, – **gastrointestinal disturbances** (alternating diarrhea and constipation, blood in stool), – **pollakiuria** (frequent urination) and **hematuria** (blood in urine), – **primary or secondary infertility**, posing a significant burden on reproductive function. The constellation of symptoms associated with endometriosis substantially diminishes patients’ quality of life, exerting detrimental effects on both physical and psychological well-being—encompassing emotional health, interpersonal relationships, and the capacity to perform daily activities.