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Highly processed foodstuffs – Definition and examples of less valuable food products
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Highly processed foodstuffs – Definition and examples of less valuable food products

Nutrition Nutritional Science Processed Food Processed Foods
Wojciech Wiśniewski Author
2026-09-25 Date
3 min. read article.read_time
4 Chapters
We frequently encounter the concept of highly processed food products, but to what extent do we truly comprehend what they constitute and which methods are employed during their production?

Hochverarbeitete Lebensmittel

Unsere Vorfahren verzehrten Nahrungsmittel, die sie selbst angebaut und zubereitet hatten. Ihre Ernährung bestand vorwiegend aus saisonalen Produkten. Dank moderner technologischer Fortschritte haben wir heute Zugang zu völlig anderen Lebensmitteln, wie Fertiggerichten oder Snack-Chips, doch sollten wir bedenken, dass es sich dabei um stark verarbeitete Lebensmittel handelt.

Hochverarbeitete Lebensmittel – Definition und Merkmale

Hochverarbeitete Lebensmittel sind eine Kategorie von Nahrungsmitteln, die einer intensiven industriellen Verarbeitung unterzogen wurden, um ihre Haltbarkeit zu verlängern, die Zubereitung zu erleichtern oder ihr Aussehen zu verbessern. Diese Produkte enthalten häufig künstliche Zusatzstoffe, Konservierungsmittel und andere Substanzen, die nicht natürlich in Lebensmitteln vorkommen. Im Gegensatz zu natürlichen oder wenig verarbeiteten Produkten können hochverarbeitete Lebensmittel nicht unter häuslichen Bedingungen hergestellt werden.

Beispiele für hochverarbeitete Lebensmittel

Die Wurst ist hier ein gutes Beispiel für hochverarbeitete Lebensmittel. Man kann keine Fleischstücke darin erkennen, und ihre Zusammensetzung bleibt unklar. Fleisch, das als Zutat dient, verliert während der intensiven Verarbeitung seine Nährstoffe. Auch fertige Nudelsaucen gehören zu dieser Kategorie. Wir würden selbst keine Zutaten wie Säureregulatoren oder Extrakte aus schwarzer Johannisbeere hinzufügen, die häufig in Tomatensaucen zu finden sind. Stattdessen werden bei Käsesaucen Milchpulver oder Molke verwendet, die aufgrund technologischer Prozesse praktisch keine Nährstoffe mehr enthalten. Auch bestimmte Süßigkeiten zählen zu den hochverarbeiteten Lebensmitteln, da sie große Mengen an Zusatzstoffen wie Farbstoffen, Emulgatoren oder gehärteten Pflanzenfetten enthalten. Diese sind nicht gesundheitsfördernd, daher sollte man sie meiden und lieber selbst Süßspeisen zubereiten. Leider gehören auch Reiskuchen und verschiedene Getreideflocken oder Milchknusper zu dieser Kategorie, da sie verschiedenen technologischen Verfahren unterzogen werden, wie der Extrusion, also der Einwirkung von hoher Temperatur und Druck, was zum Verlust von Nährstoffen führt. Ähnlich verhält es sich mit Kartoffeln, aus denen Chips hergestellt werden, die viel Salz und schädliche Transfette enthalten.

Lebensmittelverarbeitungsmethoden – Haushalts- und Industrieverfahren

In Haushalten gibt es verschiedene Methoden zur Lebensmittelverarbeitung, darunter Mahlen, Pasteurisieren, Salzen, Kochen, Backen und Einfrieren. Manche Produkte sind ohne entsprechende Zubereitung schwer genießbar. Natürliche Produkte, die nur leicht verarbeitet werden, sind jedoch nährstoffreicher und deutlich gesünder. In Produktionsstätten können Lebensmittel mithilfe moderner Technologien wie Gefriertrocknung, mechanischer Zerkleinerung, Extrusion, Sterilisation, Verpackung in modifizierter Atmosphäre, Sprühtrocknung, Infrarotbehandlung oder Membranfiltration verarbeitet werden. Diese Verfahren ermöglichen die Herstellung vielfältiger Produkte, gehen jedoch oft mit Zusatzstoffen und einem Verlust an Nährstoffen einher. Viele dieser Substanzen können negative Auswirkungen auf die Gesundheit haben, wie Allergien, Kopfschmerzen, Hautentzündungen oder Heuschnupfen. Lebensmitteltechnologen entwickeln ständig neue Produkte, die vor Jahrzehnten undenkbar gewesen wären. Diese sind meist stark verarbeitet und enthalten schädliche Zusatzstoffe, die besser vermieden werden sollten. Die beste Lösung besteht darin, Mahlzeiten selbst zuzubereiten oder natürlichere Produkte ohne übermäßige chemische Zusätze zu wählen.
Wojciech Wiśniewski

Wojciech Wiśniewski

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