Hypotonie (erniedrigter Blutdruck) – typische Symptomatik, ätiologische Faktoren und die Bedeutung der Ernährung in Prävention und Therapie
Tomasz Jankowski
2026-05-19
4 Min. Lesezeit
178
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Kreislauferkrankungen zählen zu den bedeutendsten gesundheitlichen Herausforderungen moderner Gesellschaften, wobei am häufigsten arterieller Bluthochdruck, koronare Herzkrankheit, Herzinfarkte, Arrhythmien sowie chronische Venenschwäche diagnostiziert werden. In den letzten Jahren nimmt jedoch auch die Häufigkeit des gegenteiligen Phänomens zu – des erniedrigten Blutdrucks, also der Hypotonie. Kann eine ausgewogene Ernährungsweise sowohl präventiv als auch symptomatisch lindernd wirken? Welche physiologischen Prozesse und externen Einflüsse begünstigen die Entstehung dieses Zustands? Auf welche Weise signalisiert der Körper ein zu niedriges Blutdruckniveau, und wann sollten diagnostische Maßnahmen eingeleitet werden?
For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions shall apply:
Long-term low blood pressure, below 90/60 mmHg in women and 100/70 mmHhg in men, is called hypotension. Although it is not as severe as hypertension, it should not be neglected. Depending on the cause, primary hypotension, which occurs spontaneously and may have a genetic basis, secondary hypotension caused by other diseases or medication intake, and orthostatic hypotension resulting from impaired adaptation of the cardiovascular system to a change in body position, are distinguished.
Symptoms of low blood pressure
There are many symptoms of hypotension. The most common symptoms are: persistent fatigue, weakness, lack of energy, apathy, drowsiness, fainting, trouble concentrating, pain and dizziness, gloom in the eyes, noise in the ears, nausea, sensitivity to changes in weather, increased sweating in the body, chest tightness, accelerated heart rate, heartbeat, neck or chest pain, cold feet and hands, facial numbness.
Causes of low blood pressure
There are many causes of hypotension, depending on the type. It can also be an adverse effect of taking medications, e.g. hyperthyroidism, Parkinson's disease neuropathy, adrenal insufficiency, heart failure, bleeding, dehydration, anemia, diabetes, epilepsy, anterior pituitary disorder. It may also be a side effect of medications such as hypotensive, urinary, psychotropic, nitrates or pharmaceuticals used to treat Parkinson' s disease.
Dietary guidelines for people with low blood pressure
People with hypotension should pay attention to a diet that protects them from attacks of low blood pressure. However, it is recommended to reduce animal fat and increase the amount and frequency of portions eaten. You should not overeat or starve. It is best to eat smaller meals at shorter intervals so that blood sugar levels remain at an even level and do not lead to a slight decrease in pressure.
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