Glutenintoleranz: typische Symptomatik, optimale Ernährungsempfehlungen und diagnostische Verfahren zur Erkennung der Störung
David Janitzek
2026-03-24
3 Min. Lesezeit
181
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Die Zöliakie, auch als einheimische Sprue bekannt, repräsentiert die klassischste Ausprägung einer Glutenunverträglichkeit, die häufig unerkannt bleibt oder von medizinischem Fachpersonal fehldiagnostiziert wird. Unbehandelt führt diese Autoimmunerkrankung zu fortschreitenden Schädigungen der Dünndarmschleimhaut, was Malabsorption essenzieller Nährstoffe sowie ein breites Spektrum systemischer Komplikationen nach sich zieht – von gastrointestinalen Beschwerden bis hin zu extraintestinalen klinischen Manifestationen, die multiple Organsysteme betreffen können.
Gluten intolerance
Gluten intolerance, also called celiac disease, is a disorder of absorption caused by a genetically conditioned, abnormal immune response to food gluten. As a result of the immune response, there is a loss of the intestinal space responsible for absorbing nutrients from food and a cryptographic breakdown. After withdrawal from the gluten diet, clinical symptoms subside and intestinal regeneration occurs.
Gluten intolerance is a symptom
The general symptoms of gluten intolerance are: weakness, lack of appetite, weight loss, low growth, a lack of energy, excessive nervousness, depression, atherosclerosis. There is diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, swelling of the stomach, constipation and symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome.
Gluten intolerance in the diet
The gluten-free diet is the only treatment for intolerance. On average, the normal diet contains 13 g of gluten per day. In the sick, even the smallest amounts of glutene can cause changes. Gluten contains cereals such as wheat and its varieties (durum, cumin, orchid), wheat, rye, barley, as well as cereals: cassava, flour, pasta, sweets, starch or beer. Products that do not contain gluten are maize, yogurt, prosa, garlic, potato juice, potassium. Amaranth is a pseudo-gluten-free vegetable, which contains glutamine-free grains and cereals.
Gluten intolerance tests
In order to diagnose celiac disease, a number of tests are performed. The doctor interviews the patient and directs them to appropriate tests based on clinical symptoms. Serological tests are carried out for the presence of autoimmune diseases. A biopsy of the small intestine is also performed to determine whether there has been intestinal loss, excess cryptography with an increased number of intra-membrane lymphocytes. The easiest way to confirm the diagnosis is a gluten-exclusive elimination diet, during which there is complete clinical and biological remission of the disease.
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